Urdu was chosen as the language of East India Company rule across northern India in 1837 when the Company chose it to replace Persian, the court language of the Indo-Islamic empires. While formal Urdu draws literary, political and technical vocabulary from Persian, formal Hindi draws these from Sanskrit. Urdu and Hindi share a common Sanskrit and Prakrit derived vocabulary base, phonology, syntax as well as grammar, making them mutually intelligible in colloquial speech. Urdu has been described as a Persianised standard register of the Hindustani language. In Nepal, Urdu is a registered regional dialect. In India, Urdu is an Eighth Schedule language whose status, function, and cultural heritage is recognized by the Constitution of India it has some form of official status in several Indian states. It is the official national language and lingua franca of Pakistan. Urdu ( / ˈ ʊər d uː/ Urdu: اُردُو, ALA-LC: Urdū) is an Indo-Aryan language spoken chiefly in South Asia. Without proper rendering support, you may see unjoined letters running left to right or other symbols instead of Urdu script.
For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Unicode characters. This article contains IPA phonetic symbols. Areas where Urdu is neither official nor co-official
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